LMD System (Licence, Master, Doctorate).
The LMD system—Licence (Bachelor's), Master, and Doctorate—is based on three training cycles, each of which culminates in a university degree:
- First cycle: Baccalaureate+3 years, culminating in a Licence (Bachelor’s) degree.
- Second cycle: Baccalaureate + 5 years, culminating in a Master's degree.
- Third cycle: Baccalaureate + 8 years, culminating in a Doctorate (PhD) degree.
There are two types of Licence (Bachelor’s) degrees:
Academic Track: It culminates in an Academic Licence (Bachelor's) degree and allows the holder to pursue further studies.
Professional Track: It culminates in a Professional Licence degree, enabling the holder to integrate directly into the labor market.
يThis training lasts for two years and is open to any holder of an "Academic" Licence degree who meets the admission requirements. Holders of a "Professional" Licence are not excluded from participating; they can return to university after a short period spent in the workforce. This training is prepared in two different specialties:
Professional Master's: It is characterized by providing broader training in a specific field, and the orientation of this track remains consistently professional.
Research Master's: It is characterized by preparing the candidate for scientific research and qualifying them for research activities within the university or economic sectors.
The minimum duration of this training is six semesters (3 years). It involves deepening knowledge within the specialty and providing "research-for-research" training (developing an aptitude for conducting research, a sense of teamwork, etc.).
Structure of Training Tracks for the Licence Degree:
The First Cycle: It spans a maximum of two semesters. It is intended for familiarization with the university, adaptation to the environment, and the discovery of different specialties.
The Second CycleThe Second Cycle: It spans at least two semesters; it is a stage for deepening knowledge and gradual orientation
The Third Cycle: It is a specialization stage that enables the student to acquire knowledge and competencies in the chosen specialty
More details
Semesters
The training program is based on semesters rather than academic years.
Teaching Units (UE):
Each semester consists of a set of Teaching Units (Unité d'Enseignement - UE), which are in turn composed of several subjects. There are four categories of Teaching Units:
- Fundamental Teaching Unit: Includes the essential subjects required to continue studies in the respective field.
- Discovery Teaching Unit: Includes subjects that enable students to broaden their knowledge and open new horizons in case of reorientation.
- Transversal Teaching Unit: Includes complementary subjects such as languages, computer science, and methodology.
- Specialization Teaching Unit: Includes subjects specifically related to the chosen field of study.
Credit :
A credit is a unit of measurement for acquired knowledge. Each Teaching Unit (TU) is assigned a specific number of credits, which are determined based on the student's academic effort, individual projects, or completed internships, etc. Each semester is equivalent to 30 credits (totaling 60 credits per academic year). In other words, all grades obtained through examinations are converted into their equivalent value in credits.
Compensation of Credits:
Thecompensation of credits for a Teaching Unit or a semester is possible for students who have not achieved the required passing grade. Grades that exceed the passing average can be transferred to offset other subjects that were not cleared (via the compensation system). Consequently, converting these points into credits in this manner allows the student to achieve overall academic attainment.
Capitalization and Transfer of Credits:
Theacquisition of a Teaching Unit and its corresponding credits is definitive and permanent, regardless of the duration of the training. Once a Teaching Unit is earned, it can be transferred to another field of study that contains the same unit, whether inside or outside the country.
Evaluation:
يUnder the LMD system (Licence, Master, Doctorate), students are evaluated as follows:
- Semester Exams: An examination is held at the end of each semester.
- Teaching Unit (TU) Assessment: For every Teaching Unit, the evaluation consists of a final exam, along with partial assessments, practical exams (TP), and the evaluation of individual student projects. The aggregate of these scores constitutes the final grade.
- Weighted Averages: Within each Teaching Unit, grades for individual subjects are determined by specific coefficients (weights) and are offset against one another.
Overall Average: The general average is calculated based on the partial averages of each Teaching Unit, taking the assigned coefficients into account. - Passing Criteria: A student successfully completes the academic year if they achieve an overall average equal to or greater than 10/20.
- Make-up Sessions: Any student who does not pass the academic year is permitted to register for a re-sit (remedial) session for the subjects they did not clear.
Compensation:
The principle of compensation applies at three levels:
- Teaching Unit (TU): Compensation allows for the acquisition of a Teaching Unit by calculating the weighted average of the grades from its constituent subjects, based on their respective coefficients.
- Semester: Compensation allows for the acquisition of a semester by calculating the weighted average of the grades from the Teaching Units (TUs) that constitute the semester, based on their respective coefficients.
- Level (L1, L2, L3): Compensation allows for the acquisition of a level (Year 1, Year 2, Year 3) by calculating the weighted average of the grades from the Teaching Units that comprise it, based on their respective coefficients.
Progression in Bachelor’s Studies (Licence)
Transition from Year 1 to Year 2: Progression from the first to the second year is an automatic right for any student who has validated the first two semesters of the degree program. However, a student may be allowed to progress if they have earned at least thirty (30) credits, provided that at least one-third (1/3) of those credits were earned in a single semester.
- Transition from Year 2 to Year 3: Progression from the second to the third year is a right for any student who has validated all four previous semesters. A student may also be allowed to progress if they have earned at least ninety (90) credits and have acquired the core Teaching Units (TUs) required as prerequisites to continue in that specialty.
Depending on the circumstances, a student who fails the second or third year may be allowed to re-register in the same track or be reoriented toward a different program by the pedagogical team.
- Priority is given, as much as possible, to reorienting struggling students within their initial field of study.
- Through the use of academic bridges (passerelles), this process should aim to build an individualized pathway that aligns with the student's capabilities, facilitating better progression throughout their academic career.
In all cases, a student registered in a Bachelor’s (Licence) program cannot exceed a maximum of five (5) years of study, even in cases of reorientation.
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Transition from Year 1 to Year 2 Master’s: Progression from the first to the second year of a Master’s program is an automatic right for any student who has validated the first two semesters of the program. A student may also be permitted to progress if they have earned at least forty-five (45) credits and have successfully completed the specific Teaching Units required as prerequisites to continue in that specialty.
- Retention of Credits and Attendance: Students may be allowed to progress in their training path according to the transition requirements mentioned in Article 35, while retaining all acquired subjects. In such cases, the pedagogical team has the authority to decide whether the student is required to attend—or is exempted from—lectures, tutorials (TD), and practical work (TP) for the subjects that have not yet been cleared.
- Academic Failure and Reorientation: The pedagogical team may, depending on the circumstances, allow a student who failed to progress to the second year to either re-register in the same track or be reoriented toward a different training path. Priority is given, as much as possible, to reorienting struggling students within their original field of study.
- Priority is given, as much as possible, to reorienting struggling students within their original field of study.
- Individualized Pathways (Bridge Programs): This process, facilitated by academic bridges (passerelles), aims to create an individualized pathway tailored to the student’s capabilities, ensuring better progression throughout their academic career. Maximum Duration of Study: In all cases, a student registered in a Master’s program cannot exceed a maximum of three (3) years of study, even in the event of reorientation.